What will happen if the dosage of the leveling agent is insufficient?
An insufficient dosage of the leveling agent will have the following impacts on the coating:

1. Poor Levelling
   The main function of the leveling agent is to reduce the surface tension of the coating and improve its levelling property. If the dosage is insufficient, defects such as orange peel, ripples, and shrinkage holes may appear on the coating surface. These defects not only affect the appearance of the coating but may also lead to a decrease in the protective performance of the coating.
2. Inadequate Wettability
   The leveling agent can improve the wettability of the coating on the substrate, enabling the coating to adhere better to the substrate surface. When the dosage is insufficient, the coating may not be able to fully wet the substrate, resulting in a decrease in the adhesion of the coating.
3. Uneven Coating Surface
   Insufficient dosage of the leveling agent may lead to an uneven coating surface, with construction marks such as brush marks and roller marks. This not only affects the appearance quality of the coating but may also have an impact on the durability and protective performance of the coating.
4. Decrease in Glossiness
   The leveling agent can improve the glossiness by enhancing the smoothness of the coating. When the dosage is insufficient, the coating surface may be uneven, leading to a decrease in glossiness.
5. Increase in Construction Difficulty
   An appropriate amount of the leveling agent can reduce the construction viscosity of the coating and extend the drying time, thereby improving the construction performance. If the dosage is insufficient, the construction performance of the coating may deteriorate, increasing the difficulty of construction.

Conclusion
The dosage of the leveling agent needs to be adjusted reasonably according to the coating system and construction requirements. Insufficient dosage may lead to poor levelling, inadequate wettability, an uneven surface, a decrease in glossiness, and an increase in construction difficulty of the coating. Therefore, in practical applications, it is recommended to determine the optimal addition amount through small-scale tests to ensure the coating performance and construction effect.

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